During a maximal exercise tolerance test, which statement about the heart rate and blood pressure changes is correct?

• A. Normal cardiac response, abnormal response in blood pressure
• B. Abnormal cardiac response, normal response in blood pressure
• C. Abnormal cardiac response, abnormal response in blood pressure
• D. Normal cardiac response, normal response in blood pressure

Answer: (D)

The correct answer highlights that during a maximal exercise tolerance test, both the heart rate and blood pressure responses are expected to be normal for an individual with no underlying cardiovascular issues.

As exercise intensity increases, the heart rate should rise appropriately to meet the increased demand for oxygen by the muscles. This increase is a normal physiological response, reflecting the heart's ability to adapt to exercise. Similarly, blood pressure is expected to rise during exercise as a result of increased cardiac output and systemic vascular resistance, which happens to supply blood efficiently during physical exertion.

When both the heart rate and blood pressure respond as anticipated during such a test, it indicates that the cardiovascular system is functioning well and can handle the stresses of intensive activities. Thus, a normal response across both measures signifies no signs of cardiac or blood pressure abnormalities during exertion, supporting cardiovascular health.

In contrast, the other options imply either a normal response in one measure and an abnormal response in the other or abnormal responses in both, indicating possible cardiovascular issues. However, focusing on this option emphasizes the desired physiological outcomes in a healthy test subject.